Although the exterior of the cast aluminum water pump looks the same, the structure inside is actually quite different. Especially the impeller inside, one impeller represents a different type of water pump. Some people may ask, do impellers have different shapes? Of course, different impellers also have different usage environments. At present, there are four basic types of water pump impellers: channel type (single channel, double channel), blade type (closed or open), spiral centrifugal type, and swirl type. The performance and structure of various impellers are detailed below. The impeller of a centrifugal pump is generally a closed impeller.

 

    Runner impeller          Blade impeller          Single channel impeller    Vortex impeller

 

A flow channel impeller is a curved flow channel from the inlet to the outlet. This type of impeller is suitable for conveying liquids containing large particle impurities or long fibers. Because this type of impeller has excellent anti-clogging performance. But its drawback is that its anti-cavitation performance is weaker than other forms.

The semi-open and open impellers in the blade type impeller are easy to cast and easy to maintain and clean impurities that are blocked during transportation. However, his disadvantage lies in the increased gap between the wall and blades of the pressurized water chamber under the erosion of solid particles during transportation, which reduces the operating efficiency of the water pump. Moreover, the increase in the gap disrupts the stability of the liquid flow state in the flow channel, causing the pump to vibrate. This type of impeller is not easy to transport media containing large particles and long fibers. The closed impeller has high operating efficiency and can run smoothly for a long time. The axial thrust of the pump is small, but the closed impeller is easy to wrap and is not easy to transport sewage media containing large particles or long fibers.

The spiral centrifugal impeller has twisted blades that extend axially from the suction port on the conical hub body. When the conveyed liquid flows through the blades, it does not collide with any part of the pump, so it does not cause any damage to the water pump. At the same time, it does not cause any damage to the conveyed liquid. Due to the spiral propulsion effect, the passing ability of suspended particles is strong. Therefore, pumps using this type of impeller are suitable for pumping media containing large particles and long fibers.

 

 

A swirling impeller is a type of impeller that is completely or partially retracted into the flow channel of the pressure chamber and has good anti clogging performance. The flow of particles in the water pressure chamber is driven by the vortex generated by the rotation of the impeller, and the movement of suspended particles does not generate energy but exchanges energy with the liquid in the flow channel. During the flow process, suspended particles or long fibers do not come into contact with worn blades, and the wear of the blades is relatively mild. There is no situation where the gap increases due to wear and tear, making it suitable for pumping media containing large particles and long fibers.